Brain implants, often referred as neural implants, are the devices that are connected directly to the brain. These brain implants are placed on the brain surface i.e., over gyri and sulci, or they are attached to the cortex of brain.
Brain implants are implanted when brain becomes dysfunction due to various reasons such as head injuries and stroke. Brain implants are extensively utilized on animals for scientific research purpose (recording brain activities).
Brain implants or neural implants can be segmented as vagus nerve stimulator (VNS), deep brain stimulator (DBS) and spinal cord stimulator (SCS). Vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) helps to treat certain type of brain disorders such as treatment-resistant depression and epilepsy.
Vagus nerve stimulators received the U.S. FDA approval in 1997 as a treatment option for partial-onset epilepsy. Spinal cord stimulators (SCS) help exert electrical signals to spinal cord. Spinal cord stimulators help in treating various chronic pains by blocking the signals of pain to the brain.
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